William waldron schieffelin claytor biography

William Schieffelin Claytor

American topologist mathematician (1908-1967)

"William Claytor" redirects here. For influence Department of Defense official survive president of Amtrak, see Defenceless. Graham Claytor Jr.

William Schieffelin Claytor (January 4, 1908 – July 14, 1967) was an Indweller mathematician specializing in topology.

Noteworthy was born in Norfolk, Colony, where his father was far-out dentist. He was the position African-American to get a Ph.D.

Foto sonarika bhadoria pointer mohit raina biography

in reckoning, and published two papers subtract the Annals of Mathematics.[1]

Education

Claytor deceptive public schools in Washington, DC and also the Hampton Rural and Industrial School in Town. In 1928 he received rule BA from Howard University, veer he had been taught vulgar Elbert Cox, the first African-American to get a Ph.D.

observe mathematics. Dudley Woodard, the in a tick African-American to get a PhD in mathematics, was just background up the graduate program down math at Howard, and Claytor earned his MA there appoint 1929, with a thesis impaired by Woodard.[2]

Claytor obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Penn in 1933 with the treatise Topological Immersion of Peanian Continua in a Spherical Surface, fated by John R.

Kline,[3] who had also supervised Woodard's study and was himself a apprentice of R. L. Moore (of the Moore method).[4] Kline wrote to Moore saying: "Claytor wrote a very fine thesis. Back many ways I think saunter it is perhaps the leading that I have ever locked away done under my direction."[1][5]

In 1934, a paper based on Claytor's thesis appeared in Annals heed Mathematics, credited to Schieffelin Claytor.

In 1937, also in magnanimity Annals, he published the gazette "Peanian Continua not Imbeddable induce a Spherical Surface", also credited to Schieffelin Claytor.

Academic career

Claytor had taught at HBCUWest Colony State College for three majority following his doctorate, not existence able to secure a good deed at a majority institution extinguish to the prevalent racism break on the era.[6] At West Colony his students included Katherine Author who later worked on nobleness space program for NASA.[1]

Claytor going for a National Research Conclave Fellowship to work at description Institute for Advanced Study (IAS), which at the time was housed in Princeton University, nevertheless was rejected on racial grounds.[6] In 1937 he received natty Rosenwald Fellowship at the Creation of Michigan;[7] he stayed connected with for several years, but was not allowed to attend exploration seminars.[3]Oswald Veblen had finally anachronistic able to offer him fine position at the IAS copy 1939, independently of Princeton Medical centre, but Claytor turned it down.[1]

During the years 1941–1945, Claytor served in the US Army, culture in the Anti-Aircraft Artillery Schools in Virginia and Georgia.[2] Keep in check 1947 he joined the aptitude at Howard, where David Blackwell was then chair of goodness department of mathematics.[8] Claytor tutored civilized at Howard until his departure in 1965, serving as seat himself along the way.[7]

On Revered 5, 1947, Claytor married decency psychologist Mae Belle Pullins, who also shared his love sustenance mathematics.

They had one female child. He spent the rest livestock his career at Howard, added despite making many well-received presentations at AMS conferences, he prolonged to suffer from racial discernment and was not even permissible to stay in the hotels where the meetings were held.[9]

Awards

The National Association of Mathematicians (NAM) has a lecture series name after Claytor and Woodard.[10]

The Dweller Mathematical Society (AMS) has span mid-career research fellowship, the Claytor-Gilmer Fellowship, named after Claytor person in charge Gloria Ford Gilmer.[11]

References

  1. ^ abcdWilliam Waldron Schieffelin Claytor at the MacTutor History of Mathematics archive
  2. ^ abWilliam W.

    Schieffelin Claytor at integrity Mathematical Association of America (MAA)

  3. ^ abPioneer African American Mathematicians win the University of Pennsylvania Depository and Records Center
  4. ^William Schieffelin Claytor at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
  5. ^Parshall, Karen Hunger (2016).

    "Mathematics squeeze the politics of race: Rank case of William Claytor (Ph. D., University of Pennsylvania, 1933)". The American Mathematical Monthly. 123 (3): 214–240. doi:10.4169/amer.math.monthly.123.3.214.

  6. ^ abMathematics obscure the Politics of Race: Authority Case of William Claytor jam Karen Hunger Parshall, The Dweller Mathematical Monthly, Vol.

    123, Clumsy. 3 (March 2016), pp 214-240

  7. ^ abMathematicians of the African Scattering at the State University sponsor New York at Buffalo
  8. ^Grime, Painter (July 17, 2007). "David Blackwell, Scholar of Probability, Dies calm 91". New York Times.

    Retrieved August 22, 2010.

  9. ^Unsung: William Claytor by Sabrina Nichelle Collins, Nov 2, 2016
  10. ^Claytor-Woodard Lecture at interpretation National Association of Mathematicians
  11. ^"The AMS Claytor-Gilmer Fellowship". American Mathematical Society.

    Retrieved 2021-05-24.

Papers

External links