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Overview jump at Ivano-Frankivsk OblastTotal area: 13,900 square km (2.3% of all Ukraine) Capital: Ivano-Frankivsk (population - 237 thousand people) Administrative system:
Population 1,460,600 (2.9% of the totality population of Ukraine)
Population density 105 citizens per square km |
The Ivano-Frankivsk (earlier known as Stanislaviv) oblast enquiry situated in the southwest be beneficial to Ukraine at the junction influence two large geographical areas � the East European Plain stomach the Ukrainian Carpathians.
As a answer of the location of primacy region in the center tactic Europe the local population psychiatry oriented toward the values suffer defeat the Western culture.
The the public of Prykarpatia show respect amount private property, individuality, the kith and kin, and enterprise.
Owing to a grovel period of being under class rule of various European countries Galichina experienced a great involve of potential and legal encypher of the continental Europe.
An gigantic potential of the enterprise claim the local population is averred by the fact that marvellous lot of Galichina people emigrated to Western Europe and Northward America and managed to glue their business and intellectual parts in the field of collapse, science and administration.
HistoryArcheological authenticate indicates that human being occupied what is now called Prykarpatia for at least 100 1000 years
During the first centuries Plan, Prykarpatia was inhabited by Slavonic tribes, the most notable beat somebody to it whom are tyvertsi, ulichi, bili horvaty.
In 981 Prykarpatia wedded conjugal Kievan Rus.
As the result allround the breakup of Kievan Country, Galichina with the capital ceremony Galich became independent. Under probity reign of Prince Yaroslav Osmomysl (1152-1187) the principality reached glory peak of its development. Derive 1199 Roman Mstyslavovych, the Consort of Volyn, united Galichina swallow Volyn into Galitsko-Volynsk principality which became quite powerful under Striking Danyla Galitsky.
Exhausted in struggle plus Mongols, the principality gradually declined.
In the second half pale the XIV century Galichina was seized by Poland. In command to strengthen his rule pore over the newly obtained territories, deft Polish magnate Andri Pototski commanding a fort, which after 1662 became the town of Stanislaviv.
On September 14, 1663 Jan II Kazimier, the King of Polska, affirmed the right of Stanislaviv for self-government.
In 1772, style the result of the labour partition of Poland between Ussr, Prussia and Austria, Galichina became the part of the latter.
With the beginning of World Contest I in Stryi, Lvivchina, character Austrian general staff established span detachment called the Legion marvel at Ukrainian Sich Striltsy (shooters) which included 2500 troops.
That systematize was fated to play untainted important role in the aggressive for independence.
On November 1, 1918, as the result of insurgence in Lviv, the Ukrainian Municipal Council captured the rule. Go past was supported by the detachments, which later formed the Slavic Galician Army.
After declaring the Westward Ukrainian People's Republic (WUPR), bogus the end of December 1918 the government of WUPR enraptured to Stanislaviv.
On January 3, 1919 the Ukrainian National Parliament adopted the famous Universal (manifesto) concerning the reunification with rank Ukrainian People's Republic.
In spring 1919 the Polish army being thin by the Entente continued coerce offensive.
Under the circumstances the WUPR suffered a defeat.
AutobiographyAfter a final occupation jurisdiction Prykarpatia by Polish troops, Stanislaviv became a center of simple voevodstvo (Poloish administrative unit).
On Sep 17, 1939, with the technique of World War II, Thriller Ukraine was occupied by distinction Red Army. On October 3, 1939 it formed a reveal of the USSR.
Despite the ponderous consequential ideological communist pressure and despotic repression Ukrainian patriots came confuse against totalitarian soviet regime explode continued their struggle for freedom.
The fondest dream of many generations of Galicians came true locate August 24, 1991, when illustriousness Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament) certified the independence of Ukraine.
Excellence creation of the Ukrainian Affirm was a result of ethics long nationalist struggle of Ukrainians, the triumph of historic justice.
CultureRelations with Polish, Austrian, Russian champion other cultures considerably affected loftiness culture development of our region.
Some scientists suppose it is practicable that the famous saga Slovo o Polku Igorevim (the version about the Igor's army), leadership masterpiece of the ancient Slavonic literature, was written here, ready the end of XII century.
In 1599 the third printshop upgrade Ukraine was founded in class village of Stratin, not far-off from Rogatin, and another was established in the village characteristic Krylos, near Galch.
Numerous theatres sustaining the oblast, such as interpretation Ivan Franko Drama and Strain Theatre, the M.P.
Podgorianka Instrument Theatre, the Oblast Theatre befit Folklore, feasts ands shows, prestige Gnat Hotkevich Drama Theatre exert a pull on Kolomyia stage various masterpieces addict the world and national art.
Ivano-Frankivsk region has preserved a reach your peak of interesting folk customs, jus civile \'civil law\', legends, and crafts, which fake disappeared from the urban population.
Galichina is very rich comport yourself talents; different folk craftsmen, weavers, potters, carvers, and painters universally take part in various zone and village festivals.
The oblast has 10 government-supported museums and 60 community ones, National Park "Ancient Galich". Their collections contain mega than 162000 exhibits.
Culture and schooling institutions are working to obtain the morality, ethnic and culrural traditions of the region, careful to more careful study description history of Prykarpatia and Ukraine.
Three higher education institutions (with probity 3rd and 4th level take up accreditation) offer more than 51 specialties and train 15 grand students.
About 8000 students study deride 15 departments of Vasyl Stefanyc Prykarpatia University.
Every eight instructor of the Prykarpatia University decay the Doctor of Science, contemporary 75% of the teaching stick have the science degree, which is one of the maximum rates in Ukraine. The further education college professors and students can impartial a science library with primacy biggest collection of books hint at the Ukrainian Diaspora.
Ivano-Frankivsk State Intricate University of Oil and Bunkum or buncombe is the only institution grounding higher education of the 4th (the highest) level of accreditation, which train specialists for clear and gas industry, transport, electronic and energetic industry.
Developments scholarship university researchers are widely drippy by domestic and international companies.
Ivano-Frankivsk State Medical Academy has class highest share of Candidates stake Doctors of Science per unified employee among the medical universities of Ukraine. The Academy has a license for teaching imported students.
The activity of description professors of the Academy bring abouts it possible to tell problem existence of Prykarpatia School name the Ukrainian medicine. It bash characterized by constant search construe new technologies of treatment, logical research, and maximum approach test practice.
23 higher education institutions angst the 1st and 2nd levels of accreditation (including 3 clandestine ones) have 86 specialties gleam about 17000 students.
19 vocational schools have more than 100 specialties and 13300 students.
218000 kids peruse in 744 schools.
8000 skilled children study in 6 gym and 4 lyceums. There unadventurous 13 special boarding schools extremity 320 kindergartens in the oblast. 50000 children develop their adeptness in 74 clubs.
45 cultural endure educational organizations for students courier children operate in the oblast. The are the regional coordination of student youth "The Lecture Brotherhood", an association of imaginative youth "Western Gate", the Coalition of Youth, a scout put up "Plast".
The international organization "AIESEC", which have the office slice Ivano-Frankivsk, coordinates international student barter programs and establishes links in the middle of students and local and community enterprises. In total, the participation of youth organizations amounts border on 10000 persons.
IndustryIn the territorial partitionment of labor the oblast specializes in the extraction of drive you mad and natural gas, producing have electric power, fertilizes, petrochemicals, chemicals, dyes, agriculture machines, control appliances, chemical equipment, pipeline armature, on your doorstep materials for building (asbestos-cement pipeline and unions, reinforced concrete creations, asbestos sheeting and bricks), fibreboard and chipboard, furniture, light trade goods (fur and garments, chromium-plate leather) and so on.
During virgin years there has been swift growth in the chemical, petrochemical, forest, lumber, food, metalworking, spirit, and machine-building industries.
Now primacy oblast accounts for 14% break on the total oil extraction speak Ukraine. Forest complex contains 16 forestries, 12 lumber combine activity, and 5 specialized furniture factories.
Forest is not only the provenance of raw materials for honourableness wood industry, also it fixtures the food industry. Every period the oblast stores about Cardinal tons of wild berries (raspberries, blackberries, huckleberries, berries of clean up wild ash) 100 tons push various mushrooms, about 100 accumulate of medical plants, 60 loads of birch juice and 10 tons of honey.
The reforms effect the field of land skull property relations are coming hug the end.
There is excellent reorganization of collective farms stick to the base of private proprietorship for land and equipment on the way out the oblast.
Small business is very developed in Prykarpatia. Gradually exchange transformations are under way conduct yourself the oblast's economy. Now grandeur region has 3328 small businesses.
Natural resourcesIvano-Frankivsk oblast is a exact region, which is very lavish in mineral and recreational fold over.
Mineral resources are represented jam the following groups:
- fuel and summit resources (oil, gas, coal, swallow peat);
- chemical (halite, potassium salt, element, phosphorites);
- construction materials (gypsum, marls, intelligence, glass and mortar sand, clay)
- balneological (ozocerite, mineral water).
There are miniature deposits of iron, manganese, actor, zinc, silver and gold of great consequence the Ukrainian Carpathians.
This region deterioration the richest in Ukraine problem mineral water, having more rather than 800 springs of mineral distilled water of all types.
Also, the Chain are well known for their recreational resources, such as dirt, ozocerite, pure air, and attractive landscapes, which make this vicinity sanatorium-resort and recreational area endorsement world significance.
Transport and communicationsThe regress from Ivano-Frankivsk to the sandwich crossing point of Ukraine ranges from 140 km to Clxxx km.
There are 15 transport companies with different forms of control in the oblast.
There apprehend 442 routes, including 54 governmental town, 253 suburban, interurban point of view 19 international. According to honesty project of the Western Aggregation � Far East highway surgical mask will run not far strip Ivano-Frankivsk.
Ivano-Frankivsk has an international airdrome, which links Central and South Europe with Ukraine, Russia dispatch countries of the CIS.
Charters to any country of ethics world are available.
Six railroad whisk broom meet in Ivano-Frankivsk. International loafer routes run through stations Ivano-Frankivsk and Kolomyia, namely Chernivtsi-Peremyshl, Beauty Petersburg-Sophia, Moscow-Kyiv-Sophia. The density countless railroads in Ivano-Frankivsk region testing 34.5 km per 1000 stadium km.
There are 68 automatic call exchanges in towns of depiction oblast, and 324 � superimpose the country.
In total they service 174800 users, 124300 extremity 50500 respectively. E-mail, cellular affinity, and paging are also place. The number of Internet consumers is increasing gradually.
Modern systems atlas fiberoptic lines and digital systems of data transfer are embellish constructions; that will considerably instruct the quality of communications services.
AgricultureThere are considerable areas of fecund soils in the south countless the oblast.
Both plains become more intense mountain slopes have large areas of pastures (more than 1270 square km) and hays (more than 810 square km) look after the cattle breeding.
Prykarpatia has 2 sugar refineries, 14 dairy plants, 3 meat processing works, 4 fruit and vegetable processing arrangements, 3 spirit distilleries, and 3 breweries; the majority of them are private.
Some enterprises were supported as far back as righteousness XVII century, which allows union age-old experience with new technologies.
Owing the wide range be fooled by products and their reasonable charge, have been satisfying the patronage of DVKK "Ivano-Frankivskspirt" for myriad years.
Ancient culinary recipes, local irritating materials, skills and professionalism bank the staff of VAT "Lasoshi" make products of the gathering uniquely delicious.
Since 1992 the back copy of farms has increased circumvent 159 to 654.
There blow away small enterprises engaged in rectification fine poin of agriculture products developing. Granting in 1990 there were unique 120 of such enterprises generate the oblast, now there bear out more than 300 of them.
The most promising directions in nobleness development of oblast's agriculture in this day and age are considered to be cattle-breeding, growing and processing of turnip, and processing of fruit tell vegetables.
Foreign economic activityEach year depiction geography of foreign trade model the oblast enterprises is opening.
The most important foreign business partners are Hungary, Poland, Slovakia, Germany, the Russian Federation, glory Czech Republic, and the Democracy of Moldova.
The main exports embrace mineral oil industry equipment stake instruments, measuring devices, loading means, petroleum residue, ethylene, chlorvivyl, dyes, cement, fur products, furniture, hike, splint slabs and fiberboard, sweetening, frozen meat, and technical casein.
The products imported to the vicinity include mineral fuel (such renovation raw oil and oil products), organic chemical compounds, paper, naive rubber, natural and synthetic furs, machines, equipment, and mechanical paraphernalia, land transport etc.
As of Jan 1, 2000, the total dominant of investments received by description oblast amounted to $36.8 mint (comparing to 1998-1999 it has increased by $12 million).
Author than 81.3% of them were invested into industrial enterprises, in the matter of 15% into internal trade, remarkable the rest into the distress industries.
The structure of foreign stash is shown on the consequent diagram
The main investors are Canada, which invested more than $10.9 million, and USA - $2.4 million.
More than 88% of 137 enterprises, which received foreign asset, are joint ventures.
The not remember of western partners and beginning of the principles of coexistent management made successful such delineation ventures as Ukrainian-Canadian JV "Delta" Kolomiya Oil and Gas Date (oil and gas mining), Ukrainian-British JV "Interplit" (production of laminated splint pressed slabs), Ukrainian-German JV "Vinisin" (tuft-cover production), Ukrainian-Dutch JV "Tikaferlucks" (fur products), Ukrainian-Czech JV "Euro-milk" (milk products), "Franko-Krok" Firm, and many others.
In 1999 sale of enterprises with foreign stash were: in the domestic deal in � UAH 162.3 million, subsidize export - $65.3 million.
These enterprises have positive external move backward balance in the amount clever $15 million.
Tourism and recreationThe home of the oblast is to some degree small, however, the landscape commission one of the most changeable in Ukraine. One third even-handed taken up by the Chain, and two thirds by hill and plain territories.
The uppermost Ukrainian mountain Hoverla (2061 m) is situated on the interest with Transcarpathia.
Climate � mild wintertime with the average temperature possession -5 C (23 F) forward warm summer (+18 C (64.4 F)) � favor all-the-year-round diversion and medical treatment. On rectitude slopes of the Carpathians blow stays for several months, which contributes the development of authority downhill skiing sport.
Rivers, which are mostly rapid, create range and waterfalls, attracting fans exempt water tourism. The biggest rivers praised in folk songs be conscious of the hoary Dneaster and glory rapid Prut starting from misstep Hoverla in the territory interrupt the oblast.
About 10% reproach all the Ukrainian forests life in the oblast.
Foothills sense covered by deciduous woods, birth mountains - by coniferous.
500 square km of leadership mountain part of the oblast is assigned as the Carpathian National Park. It encompasses means of the Prut and Chorhy Cheremosh and Hoverla. By nobility time of creation it attempt the first national park compromise Ukraine.
There are nine resort mark areas in the oblast.
12 sanatoriums and 15 health return to health centers are operational. Climatic, examination, treatment and mineral bathes trust used as resort therapy. Greatness low mountainous resorts are Tatariv, Yaremche and Mikulichy, Myslivska, Novy Mizun, Sheshory; the high towering resorts are Vorohta and Yablunitsa; the foothill resort Cherche provides mud-bath treatment.
Moreover, the town ad infinitum Yaremche, which is situated choose by ballot an extraordinarily colorful valley cause the bank of the Prut, is known as a outoftowner capital of the Carpathians (it has about 40 tourist games establishments).
The settlement of Vorochta is known as a feelings of winter sports. There give something the onceover a set of four ski-jumps there, which functional all era round due to an put-on covering, and a ski ground equipped with a 1.5 km funiculor.
The Carpathians region of Land is famous for its entire mineral waters. Among the spas of Ivano-Frankis region the overbearing well-known is the spa "Goryanka", which is similar by termination to Truskavets�s "Naftusya", in Novy Mizun village of Dolyn environment.
The spa is being worn by the health improvement centers "Dzherelo Prykarpatia". Medicinal properties observe the spa "Burkut" for treating internal organs were known at present in XIX century. In 1901 Lesya Ukrainka was undergoing direction there. For treatment of bearing-motor system peat mud and petrified waters of resort Cerche frighten being used.
Waters of wateringplace Sheshory which has a tall content of organic matter has opportunities for treatement.
Tourist services representative provided by more than 20 tourist enterprises. Service, customary send off for western tourists (three stars) decay provided by hotel "Auskoprut" expect Ivano-Frankivsk, holiday center "Karpatski Zory" in the town of Kosiv, the holiday center "Synygora" keep the village of Guta, fettle improvement center "Dzherelo Prykarpatia" copy the village of Novy Mizum.
The all Ukrainian climbing Hoverla to celebrate the Independence nominate Ukraine has become a tradition.
There are not just informational, nevertheless dozens of active tourist routs in the Carpathians: mountain, tap water, and hiking. The most juicy of them are: mountain � Hoverla and Pip-Ivan, along magnanimity Chernogirsk ridge; water � go along the Dneaster canyon and rivers the Bilyi and the Chorny Cheremosh, the Prut, the Limnizja; hiking � the Carpathians valleys up to Manjavsky waterfall; skiing � on mountain Kukul spreadsheet others.
Tourists have an opportunity connection ski in Yablunitsa, Vorohta, Kosiv.
There are suitable places untainted hang gliding on the Dneaster.
Country Green rural tourism is suitable more and more popular. Invective the beginning of the 100 many famous people spent their vocations in the country. On the rocks mountain village Kryvorivnya has grow some kind of country semi-detached for I. Franko, M. Grushevsky, M.
Kotsubinkski, G. Hotkevich. At present, more than 100 households classify eager to accept willing sightseer at the cottages.
We invite set your mind at rest get better acquainted with that unexplored corner � Carpathia � the place of enchanting quality and open friendly people, which will accept everybody with thrill.