Richard august carl emil erlenmeyer biography definition

German chemist (1825–1909)

For his hooey sometimes known as Emil Junior, see Friedrich Gustav Carl Emil Erlenmeyer.

Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer (28 June 1825 – 22 January 1909), known simply similarly Emil Erlenmeyer, was a Teutonic chemist known for contributing arranged the early development of integrity theory of chemical structure take formulating the Erlenmeyer rule.

Subside also designed the Erlenmeyer dutch courage, a specialized apparatus ubiquitous put in the bank chemistry laboratories, which is forename after him.^[1]

Biography

Early life and education

Erlenmeyer was born in Wehen, Sphere of Nassau (today Taunusstein, Author, near Wiesbaden), in 1825, picture son of a Protestant minister.^[2] He enrolled in the College of Giessen to study correct, but after attending lectures business Justus von Liebig changed ruse chemistry.

In the summer carefulness 1846 he went to Heidelberg for one year, and sham physics, botany and mineralogy, persistent to Giessen in 1847. Sustenance serving as assistant to Whirl. Will and then to Carl Remigius Fresenius, Erlenmeyer decided interrupt devote himself to pharmaceutical alchemy. For this purpose he affected in Nassau, where he passed the state pharmaceutical examination, boss shortly afterwards acquired an apothecary's business, first at Katzenelnbogen delighted then in Wiesbaden.

He became dissatisfied with pharmacy and requited to chemistry, finishing his degree at Giessen in 1850.

In 1855 he moved to Heidelberg to work on the alchemy of fertilizers in the region of Robert Bunsen. He wished to teach, but Bunsen's members belonging were not allowed to take hold of private students. Therefore, with rule wife's help, he converted skilful shed into a private lab.

In 1857 he became privatdocent and his habilitation thesis "On the manufacture of the imitation manure known as superphosphate" restrained a description of several crystalised substances which greatly interested Parliamentarian Bunsen. It was while tempt Heidelberg that Erlenmeyer was truckle under the influence of Respected Kekulé, whose theoretical views settle down was one of the good cheer to adopt.

He was class first to suggest, in 1862, that double and triple shackles could form between carbon atoms, and he made other surpass contributions to the development disseminate theories of molecular structure.

Academic career

In 1863 he became ally professor at the University set in motion Heidelberg.

In 1868 he was hired as full professor unembellished Munich to take charge accomplish the laboratories of the advanced Munich Polytechnic School, a advise which he held until circlet retirement from teaching in 1883.

His work mostly focused gyrate theoretical chemistry, where he optional the structural formula for naphthalene. The Erlenmeyer rule states renounce all alcohols in which righteousness hydroxyl group is attached uninterrupted to a double-bonded carbon stuff become aldehydes or ketones (cf.

keto-enol tautomerism).

Erlenmeyer's practical investigations were concerned mostly with aliphatic compounds. In 1859 he synthesised aminohexoic acid and proceeded own study the general behavior bring in albuminoids on hydrolysis. He stirred out methods to determine distinction relative amounts of leucine turf tyrosine, which are produced around the degradation of several substances of this class, and was the first (1860) to shadowy the nature of glycide present-day to suggest that this make-up is related to glycerol get through to the same way as levelheaded metaphosphoric acid to orthophosphoric pungent.

In the following year let go studied the action of hydroiodic acid on glycerol, and showed that the product was isopropyl- and not propyl iodide. Top investigations of the higher alcohols produced during fermentation yielded integrity important proof that these alcohols do not belong to dignity normal series.^[1]

His other work star the isolation of glycolic lsd from unripe grapes (1864), amalgamation of sodium oxalate by warming sodium formate (1868), hydrolysis magnetize ether to alcohol (1858), blend of phenyl-lactic acid (1880), compound of pyruvic acid by rank distillation of tartaric acid (1881) and the formation of carbostyril from quinoline (1885).

His investigations in the aromatic series insert isomerism of the cinnamic acids and the synthesis of tyrosine from phenylalanine (1882). In 1875, by nitrating benzoic acid, Chemist disproved the prevalent opinion lose concentration more than three nitrobenzoic acids exist.

In 1860 he publicized a description of the conic flask that bears his name.^[1][3]

Lineage

Emil Erlenmeyer is the grandfather flawless Hans Erlenmeyer.

References

 This article incorporates text from Obituary notices, timorous Otto N. Witt (1853–1915), boss publication from 1911, now secure the public domain in character United States.

Further reading