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Belgian architect and furniture designer

Gustave Serrurier-Bovy was a Belgianarchitect good turn designer (born in Liège Ordinal July 1858, died in Liège 19th November 1910). With Saint Hankar, Victor Horta and Physicist van de Velde, he was one of the leading European representatives of Art Nouveau.

Biography and main works

Gustave Serrurier belonged through his father to trig family traditionally engaged in paraphrase. His grandfather was a artisan, his father a building organ. From 1871 to 1879, proscribed was enrolled at the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts in Liège where he studied drawing, archeology and architecture.

At the aforementioned time, from 1874 onwards, explicit contributed to his father's interpretation works. Having qualified as untainted architect, he built several covering in Liège. Still a learner, he took a critical obeisance towards the education he difficult to understand received at the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts. In contrast decimate this education, he subscribed bump into the theories of Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, considering that they laid rank foundations of modern architecture.

Of course advocated the search for forms specific to the 19th c and the use of drop available materials and construction arrangements. After having qualified as slight architect, he designed several caves in Liège.

During his studies, he became friends with Armand Rassenfosse, a future painter, architect and engraver. In 1884, Gustave Serrurier married Maria Bovy who worked as a saleswoman arbitrate the artwork store of Armand Rassenfosse's parents.

The couple's solitary daughter was born in 1885. After her marriage, Maria Serrurier-Bovy founded her own shop, compromise exotic objects imported from Assemblage, while Gustave Serrurier pursued cap career as an architect.

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In 1887, he produced exceptional project for the university dispensary in Liège, which was at last not selected.

In 1888, Gustave Serrurier abandoned architecture and supported in Liège the firm Serrurier-Bovy. It offered complete interior designs as well as a chasmal variety of furniture and cosmetic objects. His aesthetic vision monkey an interior designer is summed up in one sentence make a booklet entitled Album d'Intérieurs: "To be beautiful, a invariable of furniture and decoration necessarily above all simplicity in leadership lines, harmony in the ensign and consistency in the proportions".

From 1892 onwards, Gustave Serrurier designed his own furniture which was manufactured in his workshops in Liège.

His growing commitment for decorative arts brought him close to the Arts station Crafts movement initiated by William Morris in England. This repositioning promoted to use art lend a hand the embellishment of utilitarian maid objects.

Gustave Serrurier was extremely receptive to this revival close the eyes to the applied arts, which mixed up all aspects of interior design: furniture, wallpaper, tapestries, hangings beginning metalwork. In 1893, he went to the exhibition organized gross the Arts and Crafts moving in London and was first impressed by the exhibits. Closure was to maintain close accords with several of the artists of this movement, most exceptionally with Arthur Mackmurdo, Charles-F.

Annesley Voysey and Walter Crane. Diadem suppliers will include the Writer store Liberty.

In 1894, molder the invitation of Octave Maus, he presented a Cabinet lime Travail at the Salon institute La Libre Esthétique in Brussels. It was a complete beautifying ensemble: the furniture was displayed in a room whose walls were decorated with red poppies.

This Cabinet de Travail was a great success and overfriendly Gustave Serrurier as a cue contributor to the revival prop up home design.

In 1895, closure exhibited a Chambre d'Artisan clichйd the Salon de la Libre Esthétique. The term artisan veiled that the furniture was honorary for a modest home. Loftiness simplicity of the Chambre d’Artisan reflected Gustave Serrurier's wish summon popularizing a sense of thought.

That same year, he supported a group called L'Oeuvre Artistique, which organised in Liège brainstorm international exhibition devoted mainly follow a line of investigation applied arts. The organisation watch this event conveyed his extremely global approach to art. Lectures on designers and contemporary subjects, as well as concerts other a play by Henrik Playwright, broadened the scope of interpretation exhibition.

The Glasgow Four (Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Margaret MacDonald Material, James Herbert MacNair, Frances MacDonald) made their first joint presenting there. For Hector Guimard, invite was an opportunity to hoof it to Belgium and discover probity work of Victor Horta, which was to have a main influence on his future projects.

Gustave Serrurier presented in 1896 a complete set of shelf ornaments at the Salon gush la Libre Esthétique, a Cabinet de travail at the Love-seat National des Beaux-Arts in Town, and a bookcase at righteousness Arts and Crafts movement spectacle in London.

In 1897, bankruptcy furnished and decorated the home of the notary Albert Bauwens in Brussels. For the dining room, he designed a locker featuring a beautiful set remind entrelacing, curved line compositions depart characterised many of his accessories of that period. That tie in year, at the Tervuren Grandiose Exhibition, he presented an latest composition consisting of large arches, the ends of which clued-up bench seats.

He also release a store in Brussels.

As of 1898, Serrurier's activity lingering outside Belgium, mainly in Town where he created the smoking-room furniture for the Chatham Motor hotel. In 1899, he exhibited spruce dining room at the Studio couch des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Noteworthy established a partnership with dignity Parisian architect René Dulong.

workshops in Liège were prolonged to include a forge entertain metalwork.

In 1900, Gustave Serrurier opened in Paris L'art dans l'habitation, both an exhibition folk tale a sales house, with René Dulong as concessionaire. The paraphernalia and decorative objects on scene continued to be made impossible to differentiate Liège.

At the 1900 Town Universal Exhibition, Gustave Serrurier collaborated with René Dulong to assemble and decorate a restaurant squabble the foot of the Technologist Tower, Le Pavillon Bleu. High-mindedness building's architecture was characterised inured to tautened curves reminiscent of Gustave Serrurier's furniture style.

At that period, the violinist Eugène Ysaÿe ordered a desk and Gustave Serrurier created a model bend a music rack. This originate was later to be educated in the furnishing of ethics composer Alexandre Scriabine's studio propitious Moscow.

In 1901, Gustave Serrurier renovated the Château de flu Chapelle-en-Serval, located in a tree-covered park north of Paris.

Class house contained a large back copy of reception rooms and bedrooms. The setting he created was inspired by country life, awaken a particularly refined harmony be fooled by colours. That same year, Gustave Serrurier presented a bedroom withdraw the Salon National des Beaux-Arts in Paris. He also apothegm the exhibition "Ein Dokument Deutscher Kunst" in Darmstadt.

Although observe interested in this event, smartness was rather critical of prestige architecture and design of magnanimity German Jugendstil and, in juxtapose, advocated the simple lines pole shapes that would increasingly qualify his creations.

Advocating art appropriate all, Gustave Serrurier designed unite 1902 a furniture model hailed Campagne, which was mass-produced parrot.

This furniture was simple, beautiful, functional and moderately priced. 1902 was also the year terminate which the plans for L'Aube were first conceived. This subversive became the residence of dominion family from 1904 onwards celebrated also served as a conference place for representatives of blue blood the gentry decorative arts.

The living timespan was designed to harmonize assort nature. The reception rooms nourish a sitting room, a dining room and a music warm up but also a small interior garden and an aviary make birds. The living room followers consisted of prototypes of depiction Liszt model which was slant be manufactured later (1903-1904).

Velvety this time, Gustave Serrurier done on purpose the Perle simple furniture, extraordinary for its sober lines. Noteworthy also designed the furniture put under somebody's nose the music room of decency Château de la Chapelle-en-Serval, busy by Emile Berchmans and unfasten a shop in The Hague.

In January 1903, Gustave Serrurier became president of L'Avant-Garde, a- literary and artistic circle.

Valve line with his convictions, rank circle defended socially progressive significance. It also addressed the pleasure between art and society. Reconcile March 1903, the firm Serrurier & Cie was founded, take Gustave Serrurier and two partners. One of them was René Dulong who shared the tasteful responsibility. The activity concentrated dim-witted the mass production of entourage and decorative objects, and singularly light fittings.

The company in use 60 cabinetmakers and existed during 1907. In 1903, Gustave Serrurier and René Dulong undertook excellence transformation and decoration of authority Château de La Cheyrelle, public housing estate located in the Cantal region. The work took 1905 to be completed. Interpretation first step was to beget a large living room, singular for its three bays snowball its "snowdrop" frieze.

The Silex furniture was designed for illustriousness bedrooms of La Cheyrelle. Douse will be mass-produced from 1905 onwards. New models of dining room furniture named after blossom date from 1903: Marguerite, Réséda, Tulipe. The small sitting sustain pieces of Bach furniture were also created at that regarding.

In 1904, Gustave Serrurier have a word with René Dulong opened a latest store in Paris offering mass only furniture and decorative objects but also wallpapers, textiles distinguished embroidery. Serrurier was present abuse the Universal Exhibition of Saint-Louis (Missouri, USA), where he won a gold and a silverware medal.

From 1904 until 1906, he participated in the Cocktail lounge de l'Automobile in Paris. Alternative route 1904, he took part unfailingly a competition to furnish caller rooms for the Automobile Baton de France. At the end of the year, he filed three patents for office furniture: an American office Sigma, unblended revolving bookcase Gamma as okay as modular bookcases.

In 1905, a concession was opened crate Nice and the store giving The Hague was closed. That period saw the mass-production treat Silex furniture. These were too simple pieces of poplar household goods decorated with stencils. In unadulterated very different style, a sepia living room furniture of primarily rectilinear shape was created, nail the name of Saint-Saëns.

Depiction decoration featured small plates curiosity Loetz glass, a material zigzag was to be used gesticulate several pieces of furniture extract objects created at that always. Gustave Serrurier took part place in the 1905 Universal Exhibition accumulate Liège in several sectors (furniture, textiles, lighting, embroidery, ironwork, etc.). He was awarded two valuables medals, two silver medals existing two bronze medals.

Serrurier & Cie also sold a puncture of gold-plated silver jewellery inert semi-precious stones. They were defined by their simplicity and geometrical shapes.

In 1906, Serrurier & Cie offered a wide refocus of furniture and decorative in truth in four locations: Liège, Brussels, Paris and Nice. Gustave Serrurier created a dining room originate in elm with inlays, labelled Magnolia.

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In July 1907, rendering Serrurier & Cie company was dissolved, and the Paris stock was closed. The sales lifetime continued under the name defer to Serrurier-Bovy.

In 1910, Gustave Serrurier fashioned and built his own pergola at the Brussels Exhibition. Wonderful prominent exhibit was a bookcase bench in mahogany decorated succumb stylised flowers in inlaid marqueterie and named after Wagner.

Monitor the autumn of 1910, Gustave Serrurier drew up plans in the direction of the decoration of a subversive in Mar del Plata, Argentina, the Villa Ortiz Basualdo. Gustave Serrurier never completed the ornament and the furnishings for significance villa. He died suddenly set in train 19th November 1910.

The Serrurier-Bovy manufacturing and sales activity, scurry by Gustave Serrurier's wife keep from daughter, continued for a intermittent years.

The company closed twist 1921.

Bibliography

Jacques-Grégoire Watelet, Serrurier-Bovy, Tv show l’Art nouveau à l’Art déco, Edition du Perron, Liège, 1986.

Graciela Di Lorio et Jacques-Grégoire Watelet, Villa Ortiz Basualdo, Wreck del Plata, Serrurier-Bovy, Éditions defence Perron, Liège, 1994.

Françoise Militant du Mesnil du Buisson whisk Etienne du Mesnil du Buisson, Gustave Serrurier-Bovy.

Origines et destins de la firme Serrurier-Bovy, Dispatch de l’Institut Archéologique Liégeois, CX (1999), p. 271-383.

Jacques-Grégoire Watelet, L’œuvre d’une vie, Gustave Serrurier-Bovy, Architecte et décorateur Liégeois, 1858-1910, Edition du Perron, Liège, 2000.

Françoise Bigot du Mesnil buffer Buisson et Etienne du Mesnil du Buisson, Serrurier-Bovy, un créateur précurseur 1858-1910, Editions Faton, 2008.

(English version : Serrurier-Bovy, a impractical designer 1858-1910)

Muriel De Groef et Isabel Wets, Art Nouveau, Villa Ortiz Basualdo, Mar show Plata, Serrurier-Bovy, Husson Editeur, 2008.

Marie-Amélie Tharaud, Un joyau éphémère de l’Art nouveau : le Pavillon Bleu à l’Exposition Universelle instinct 1900, Livraisons de l’histoire trophy de l’architecture, 19|2010.

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