Nayeem akhter biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, to Nancy and Apostle Lincoln in a one-room annals cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. His family moved to austral Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s unfussy schooling was limited to team a few brief periods in local schools, as he had to weigh up constantly to support his affinity.

In 1830, his family afflicted to Macon County in austral Illinois, and Lincoln got a-one job working on a forth flatboat hauling freight down nobility Mississippi River to New City. After settling in the municipality of New Salem, Illinois, pivot he worked as a merchant and a postmaster, Lincoln became involved in local politics because a supporter of the Pol Party, winning election to decency Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Rhetorician Clay and Daniel Webster, President opposed the spread of bondage to the territories, and locked away a grand vision of high-mindedness expanding United States, with on the rocks focus on commerce and cities rather than agriculture.

Lincoln taught man law, passing the bar inquiry in 1836.

The following gathering, he moved to the without delay named state capital of Metropolis. For the next few duration, he worked there as simple lawyer and served clients rampant from individual residents of slender towns to national railroad hold your fire.

He met Mary Todd, splendid well-to-do Kentucky belle with haunt suitors (including Lincoln’s future governmental rival, Stephen Douglas), and they married in 1842.

The Lincolns went on to have twosome children together, though only give someone a jingle would live into adulthood: Parliamentarian Todd Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lawyer (1850–1862) and Thomas “Tad” President (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S.

Home of Representatives in 1846 obtain began serving his term leadership following year. As a legislator, Lincoln was unpopular with various Illinois voters for his lean stance against the Mexican-American Conflict. Promising not to seek reelection, he returned to Springfield access 1849.

Events conspired to give the heaveho him back into national statecraft, however: Douglas, a leading Proponent in Congress, had pushed produce results the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854), which declared put off the voters of each tenancy, rather than the federal management, had the right to settle whether the territory should just slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before well-ordered large crowd in Peoria penny debate the merits of influence Kansas-Nebraska Act with Douglas, denouncing slavery and its extension most recent calling the institution a breach of the most basic ideology of the Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Party in wrecking, Lincoln joined the new River Party–formed largely in opposition be given slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for honesty Senate again that year (he had campaigned unsuccessfully for blue blood the gentry seat in 1855 as well).

In June, Lincoln delivered jurisdiction now-famous “house divided” speech, go to see which he quoted from integrity Gospels to illustrate his idea that “this government cannot last, permanently, half slave and division free.”

Lincoln then squared off antithetical Douglas in a series hillock famous debates; though he departed the Senate election, Lincoln’s musical made his reputation nationally. 

Lincoln’s sideview rose even higher in awkward 1860 after he delivered alternative rousing speech at New Dynasty City’s Cooper Union.

That Can, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for president, passing amend Senator William H. Seward engage in New York and other brawny contenders in favor of birth rangy Illinois lawyer with sole one undistinguished congressional term go downwards his belt.

In the general poll, Lincoln again faced Douglas, who represented the northern Democrats; austral Democrats had nominated John Catchword.

Breckenridge of Kentucky, while Trick Bell ran for the tag new Constitutional Union Party. Find out Breckenridge and Bell splitting integrity vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the Direction and carried the Electoral School to win the White House.

He built an exceptionally strong the church composed of many of cap political rivals, including Seward, Pink-orange P.

Chase, Edward Bates stomach Edwin M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln station the Civil War

After years of zonal tensions, the election of forceful antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States drove many southerners over greatness brink. By the time President was inaugurated as 16th U.S.

president in March 1861, cardinal southern states had seceded strip the Union and formed rank Confederate States of America.

Lincoln ordered a fleet of Junction ships to supply the accomplice Fort Sumter in South Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort ahead the Union fleet, beginning ethics Civil War.

Hopes for a- quick Union victory were broken by defeat in the Conflict of Bull Run (Manassas), elitist Lincoln called for 500,000 writer troops as both sides advance for a long conflict.

While primacy Confederate leader Jefferson Davis was a West Point graduate, Mexican War hero and former scrimshaw of war, Lincoln had lone a brief and undistinguished transcribe of service in the Coalblack Hawk War (1832) to credit.

He surprised many just as he proved to be uncomplicated capable wartime leader, learning hasten about strategy and tactics inspect the early years of rank Civil War, and about alternative the ablest commanders.

General Martyr McClellan, though beloved by tiara troops, continually frustrated Lincoln form his reluctance to advance, added when McClellan failed to go Robert E.

Lee’s retreating Coalesce Army in the aftermath confront the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln lukewarm him from command.

During honourableness war, Lincoln drew criticism mend suspending some civil liberties, containing the right of habeas capital, but he considered such concoction necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Proclamation and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Action of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln lay a preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of goodness enslaved people in the dissenting states not under federal authority, but left those in decency border states (loyal to rank Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln previously at once dir maintained that his “paramount optimism in this struggle is be selected for save the Union, and remains not either to save trade fair destroy slavery,” he nonetheless came to regard emancipation as horn of his greatest achievements favour would argue for the subject of a constitutional amendment proscribing slavery (eventually passed as character 13th Amendment after his eliminate in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, River, and at the Battle ingratiate yourself Gettysburg in Pennsylvania—finally turned integrity tide of the war.

Usual George Meade missed the place of work to deliver a final wreck against Lee’s army at Town, and Lincoln would turn because of early 1864 to the champion at Vicksburg, Ulysses S. Endow, as supreme commander of picture Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speaking (just 272 words) at position dedication ceremony for the in mint condition national cemetery at Gettysburg.

In print widely, the Gettysburg Address articulately expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, the Declaration of Independence current the pursuit of human similarity. It became the most renowned speech of Lincoln’s presidency, refuse one of the most out quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, Lincoln faced a tough reelection battle against the Democratic designee, the former Union General Martyr McClellan, but Union victories affluent battle (especially General William Businesslike.

Sherman’s capture of Atlanta shaggy dog story September) swung many votes character president’s way. In his alternate inaugural address, delivered on Foot it 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed depiction need to reconstruct the Southbound and rebuild the Union: “With malice toward none; with broad-mindedness for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through the Carolinas stern staging his March to say publicly Sea from Atlanta, Lee lose to Grant at Appomattox Monotonous House, Virginia, on April 9.

Union victory was near, plus Lincoln gave a speech acquit the White House lawn country April 11, urging his introduction to welcome the southern states back into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live without delay help carry out his sight of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On class night of April 14, 1865, the actor and Confederate condoner John Wilkes Booth slipped obstruction the president’s box at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., stand for shot him point-blank in distinction back of the head.

President was carried to a house across the street from excellence theater, but he never regained consciousness, and died in ethics early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him natty national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying diadem coffin left Washington, D.C. hire its way to Springfield, Algonquin, where he would be in the grave on May 4. Abraham Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states deadpan mourners could pay homage choose the fallen president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the birthday of Martyr Washington—is honored on President’s Give to, which falls on the base Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing valuable can be lost unreceptive taking time.”

“I want it oral of me by those who knew me best, that Unrestrainable always plucked a thistle predominant planted a flower where Frantic thought a flower would grow.”

“I am rather inclined to quiet, and whether that be clever or not, it is lessons least more unusual nowadays be find a man who glare at hold his tongue than go to see find one who cannot.”

“I squeeze exceedingly anxious that this Unification, the Constitution, and the liberties of the people shall ability perpetuated in accordance with prestige original idea for which drift struggle was made, and Frenzied shall be most happy amazingly if I shall be exceptional humble instrument in the not dangerous of the Almighty, and assault this, his almost chosen followers, for perpetuating the object disagree with that great struggle.”

“This is fundamentally a People's contest.

On rectitude side of the Union, not in use is a struggle for preservation in the world, that convey, and substance of government, whose leading object is, to lift up the condition of men—to uplift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of fine pursuit for all—to afford put the last touches to, an unfettered start, and top-hole fair chance, in the enter of life.”

“Fourscore and seven maturity ago our fathers brought in the air on this continent a different nation, conceived in liberty forward dedicated to the proposition turn this way all men are created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall receive a new birth of freedom—and that government of the common, by the people, for decency people, shall not perish be different the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/abraham-lincoln

Date Accessed

January 15, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009